A new report reveals that planned hyperscale data centers in Scotland could require between 2 and 3 gigawatts of electricity, nearly matching the nation’s winter peak demand of 4 gigawatts. Released in early December 2025 by the non-profit research group Foxglove, this finding highlights growing concerns over energy use as tech giants eye Scotland for major expansions.
Key Findings from the Report
The report stems from a detailed scan of local planning websites conducted in November 2025. It uncovers 11 proposed data center projects that could transform Scotland’s tech landscape.
These facilities vary in size, with power needs ranging from 200 megawatts to 550 megawatts each. For three projects without specified capacities, researchers estimated 250 megawatts based on industry averages.
Foxglove notes that their tally might understate the full picture, as it excludes developments still in early planning stages before formal submissions.
This surge reflects a broader trend where artificial intelligence and cloud computing drive massive energy demands worldwide.
Locations and Developers Involved
The proposed sites spread across Scotland, showing interest from both established players and newcomers. Projects appear in areas like Edinburgh, North Lanarkshire, East Ayrshire, and more.
Here is a breakdown of some key proposals:
- Edinburgh: Two facilities in the works.
- North Lanarkshire: Two projects, including a 500-megawatt site by renewable developer Apatura.
- East Ayrshire: Two developments.
- Other spots: Single sites in Scottish Borders, Fife, West Lothian, East Dunbartonshire, and South Lanarkshire.
Developers include firms like AI Pathfinder, SDCL, Shelborn Drummond, and Argyll Data Development. This mix suggests a blend of tech innovation and energy expertise fueling the push.
Scotland’s cool climate and access to renewable sources make it attractive, but the scale raises questions about grid readiness.
Impact on Scotland’s Energy Supply
If built, these data centers could claim a huge share of Scotland’s power. The 2 to 3 gigawatts needed approach the country’s 4-gigawatt winter peak, potentially straining supplies during high-demand periods.
To put this in perspective, the report compares it to major energy benchmarks. It equals two to three times the output of the now-closed Peterhead gas plant at 1,180 megawatts.
It also matches the combined capacity of shuttered nuclear stations Torness and Hunterston B, which together produced over 2,000 megawatts before decommissioning.
Scotland’s offshore wind farms generated about 2,971 megawatts in 2024, a figure these data centers could rival or exceed.
Experts warn this could lead to higher electricity costs for households and businesses if grid upgrades lag behind.
Recent global forecasts predict data center power use will triple by 2030, driven by AI advancements. Scotland’s situation mirrors challenges in places like Ireland, where data centers already consume over 20 percent of national electricity.
Challenges Ahead for Implementation
Building these centers faces hurdles beyond power. Local grids may need major investments to handle the load, and environmental reviews could delay approvals.
Scotland boasts strong renewable energy, with wind and hydro sources doubling output in the last decade. Yet, intermittency issues mean data centers might rely on backups like gas during low-wind periods.
Public concerns include carbon emissions and water use for cooling. Similar projects elsewhere have sparked debates over sustainability.
| Aspect | Current Status | Projected Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Peak Winter Demand | 4 GW | Up to 75% could go to data centers |
| Offshore Wind Capacity (2024) | 2,971 MW | Matched or exceeded by new demand |
| Number of Proposals | 11 | Potential for more unlisted projects |
| Largest Single Project | 550 MW | In North Lanarkshire by Apatura |
This table illustrates the scale, showing how new demands stack up against existing resources.
Policymakers must balance economic benefits, like job creation in tech sectors, against energy security risks.
Opportunities for Growth and Innovation
On the positive side, these developments could position Scotland as a European data hub. With FLAPD markets (Frankfurt, London, Amsterdam, Paris, Dublin) nearing capacity, Scotland offers untapped potential.
Renewable energy abundance could attract eco-conscious operators. For instance, pairing data centers with on-site solar or wind might offset some demands.
Industry leaders predict a 165 percent rise in global data center power needs by 2030, fueled by AI. Scotland’s push aligns with this, potentially drawing investments from tech giants.
Recent events, such as the UK’s focus on locational pricing to lower costs in renewable-rich areas like Scotland, could make these projects more viable.
Looking to the Future
As planning progresses, stakeholders will watch closely. The report urges transparent assessments to ensure benefits outweigh drawbacks.
With AI transforming industries, Scotland stands at a crossroads. Smart policies could harness this growth while protecting energy stability.
What do you think about these plans? Share your views in the comments and spread the word on social media to join the conversation.
