Campaigners and experts are calling for stricter environmental scrutiny of large-scale tree-planting projects in Scotland, citing concerns over ecological impacts and sustainability. At the center of the debate is the 700-hectare Stobo plantation near Peebles, where critics argue existing policies fail to adequately assess potential consequences.
Calls for Stricter Environmental Impact Assessments
Environmental groups and scientists have raised alarms over Scotland’s approach to woodland expansion. According to the Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE), only four conifer plantations in the past eight years have undergone an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), despite significant growth in afforestation projects.
The RSE is now pushing for new legislation requiring “mandatory EIAs for tree planting proposals over 50 hectares.” Their argument is simple: large-scale plantations alter landscapes, biodiversity, and water systems, yet many evade proper environmental scrutiny under current regulations.
Stobo Plantation: A Case Study in Controversy
The Stobo Hope plantation, spanning 700 hectares in the Scottish Borders, has become a focal point of the debate. Campaigners argue that without rigorous environmental assessments, such projects can inadvertently harm local wildlife, disrupt ecosystems, and affect nearby communities.
- Large-scale plantations can impact soil health and biodiversity.
- Conifer plantations, in particular, may contribute to soil acidification and reduced water quality.
- The absence of mandatory EIAs means potential risks are often overlooked until after planting begins.
“We are not against tree planting,” said one campaigner. “But without proper assessment, we risk damaging the very environment we are trying to protect.”
Timber Shortages and the Drive for Expansion
Scotland’s afforestation push is also tied to economic concerns, particularly timber shortages. The demand for homegrown timber has risen sharply, driven by supply chain disruptions and efforts to reduce reliance on imports. The government has set ambitious woodland creation targets, but balancing economic needs with environmental protection remains a challenge.
A report from Scottish Forestry highlights the tension:
| Year | New Woodland Target (hectares) | Actual Planting (hectares) |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 13,500 | 10,500 |
| 2022 | 14,000 | 11,200 |
| 2023 | 15,000 | 12,300 |
While planting rates have increased, many projects have bypassed the EIA process, raising concerns about long-term sustainability.
Balancing Growth with Environmental Responsibility
The push for greater environmental oversight in forestry is not just about preventing harm—it’s about ensuring Scotland’s woodlands are resilient and beneficial for generations to come. Experts argue that well-planned afforestation can provide carbon sequestration, improve biodiversity, and support local economies, but only if done responsibly.
One possible solution being discussed is a tiered assessment system:
- Projects under 50 hectares: Exempt from EIAs but subject to basic environmental guidelines.
- 50-200 hectares: Require streamlined EIAs with focused impact studies.
- 200+ hectares: Full-scale EIAs, including biodiversity and hydrology assessments.
With mounting pressure from campaigners and experts, policymakers may need to revisit Scotland’s afforestation policies. The balance between timber demand, carbon capture, and ecological integrity will be crucial in shaping the nation’s forestry future.
